Posted: March 18th, 2022

Nursing research methods examination

Topic: 1

 

My research is being designed to investigate the efficacy of a culturally appropriate and targeted diabetes education program on the reduction of A1C levels after six months. The population I am focusing on is Asian Americans with Type II diabetes, within a specific age range. My hypothesis is that after three months of the program, the A1C levels of the experimental group will be lower than they were prior to starting the program.

 

Because I intend to measure the same population of people before and after the intervention, the ideal methodology to be used would be a pre/post test. I would like to employ quantitative research methods regardless, particularly for measuring the dependent variable (A1C levels). This is a unifactorial study, focusing only on one diabetes factor (A1C levels), making it relatively straightforward. Another way I can approach this study is to design a correlational study in which I compare two different samples of Asian Americans with diabetes. However, the pre/post method controls for intervening variables because it is testing the exact same group. I need to operationalize the education intervention and clearly define how it will be implemented in the research.

 

The opposite methodology, such as qualitative methods, may be useful if I were to change my research question. Qualitative methods used may include interviews or case studies. For example, in addition to measuring A1C levels, I would also measure patient perceptions of the program, and other subjective markers. It might be helpful to do so in order to determine whether the program needed to be redesigned. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are efficacious in evidence-based practice but not all research questions can be appropriately designed as quantitative studies. I happen to have a research question that does lend itself to quantitative analysis.

 

Topic: 2

 

Patient perceptions of health and wellness, of treatment interventions, of nursing staff and hospital facility, and of quality of care all have a bearing on patient outcomes. Healthcare institutions and their administrators have long known that “patient perception is reality,” (Koska, 1989, p. 40). To improve healthcare outcomes, administrators and nurses need to change patient perceptions. Changing perceptions can be challenging, but in some cases entails low-cost or no-cost changes to human resources policies and the environmental design of healthcare institutions (Balfour, 2012).

 

A person’s epistemology or way of knowing also informs perceptions. Thus, a patient’s worldviews, values, attitudes, background, and beliefs will all impact how that individual perceives healthcare delivery and health itself. The subjective way of knowing is all about perceptions, not about measurable, verifiable reality. For example, many patients do not care about numbers in their chart or whatever percentage of persons benefitted from a specific treatment intervention. The patient also cares more about how the nurse communicates, and whether eye contact or touch was used, and less about whether the nurse referred to clinical studies before recommending a course of treatment. What the patient cares about is how they feel, and whether their perceptions align with their expectations. Nurses need to understand the salience of subjective reality.

 

If patients had an objective paradigm of the world, they would have a detached view towards their health and treatment options. They would make decisions based on calculations and algorithms, not on psychological motives. Even nurses who are guided by evidence-based practice models still do operate within a subjective paradigm of the world. It is important to recognize the difference between subjective and objective ways of knowing when making improvements to care delivery.

 

Topic 3

 

The different levels of evidence point to a hierarchy of credibility within the corpus of nursing research. Level One evidence is considered the most robust: including meta-analyses and systematic reviews. Evidence like this reflects a wide range of experimental research designs with a high degree of external and internal validity. The performance of a meta-analysis or systematic review widens the population sample exponentially, allowing researchers to determine more readily if there is a causal relationship between variables or how to definitively identify patterns in the research. Advantages to using this method are clear: there is little to refute the results of the claims. The only problem is that few issues in healthcare are covered completely with Level One evidence. Level One evidence is not always going to be available to access. As a researcher, it can be extremely difficult and costly to conduct this type of research, too. Yet I have used this method in my current practice when attempting to offer support for a particular treatment intervention.

 

Level Two evidence includes randomized controlled trials conducted at multiple sites, with large population samples and tight controls (“Evidence-Based Practice Toolkit,” n.d). Second only to Level One evidence in terms of reliability and validity, this method is useful when seeking information about the efficacy of a treatment intervention.

 

Other levels of evidence include quasi-experimental research, cohort studies, and qualitative research, none of which is as robust or useful as Level One or Level Two research. Understanding the different levels of evidence are important for selecting empirical articles for my ROI, and for any other healthcare application. The higher on the Level of Evidence hierarchy, the more reliable the data, and therefore the better my own work will be.

 

Topic 4

 

The barriers to transforming research into practice can be frustrating at times, but at other times, completely understandable if not wholly reasonable. For one, the research needs to be proven efficacious, reliable, and generalizable enough to warrant changes to practice. One landmark study should not change nursing practice. If that were the case, then nursing practice would be at the risk of changing every day. Not all research designs are solid, and it would be dangerous to change nursing practice haphazardly. Therefore, nurses should always scrutinize research before making policy recommendations.

 

Oftentimes, the barriers to implementing research into practice are more detrimental than they are helpful. The barriers to implementation include organizational culture, politics, financing, lack of training, patient perceptions, and ineffectual public policy (Haynes & Haynes, 1998). In my own practice, I have seen almost every single one of these barriers come in the way of putting research into action.

 

For example, organizational culture often puts up barriers to change. Nurses get stick in their ways, set in their routines, and reluctant to make any but the most necessary changes. Laziness or lack of training are other issues that prevent nurses from applying evidence to practice. Administrators sometimes do not do enough, simply asking that nurses make changes to procedures without telling them why or even how.

 

Sometimes, administrators and nurses want to make changes to practice but are constrained by lack of financial or political support. For instance, if a new technology or tool is needed to make the change, the administration needs the funding. Patient perception can also be a barrier, because if patients are suspicious of a new technique or procedure, compliance rates will be low.

 

 

 

 

 

References

 

 

 

Balfour, W. (2012). Make excellent patient satisfaction a reality. IVantage. https://www.ivantagehealth.com/patient-satisfaction-a-matter-of-perception/

 

“Evidence Based Practice Toolkit,” (n.d.). http://libguides.winona.edu/c.php?g=11614&p=61584

 

Haynes, B. & Haynes, A. (1998). Barriers and bridges to evidence based clinical practice. BMJ 317(7153): 273-276.

 

Koska, M.T. (1989). Satisfaction data: patient perception is reality. Hospitals 63(13): 40.

---

Get Professional Assignment Help Cheaply

Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?

Whichever your reason is, it is valid! You can get professional academic help from our service at affordable rates. We have a team of professional academic writers who can handle all your assignments.

Why Choose Our Academic Writing Service?

• Plagiarism free papers
• Timely delivery
• Any deadline
• Skilled, Experienced Native English Writers
• Subject-relevant academic writer
• Adherence to paper instructions
• Ability to tackle bulk assignments
• Reasonable prices
• 24/7 Customer Support
• Get superb grades consistently

 

Online Academic Help With Different Subjects

Literature

Students barely have time to read. We got you! Have your literature essay or book review written without having the hassle of reading the book. You can get your literature paper custom-written for you by our literature specialists.

Finance

Do you struggle with finance? No need to torture yourself if finance is not your cup of tea. You can order your finance paper from our academic writing service and get 100% original work from competent finance experts.

Computer science

Computer science is a tough subject. Fortunately, our computer science experts are up to the match. No need to stress and have sleepless nights. Our academic writers will tackle all your computer science assignments and deliver them on time. Let us handle all your python, java, ruby, JavaScript, php , C+ assignments!

Psychology

While psychology may be an interesting subject, you may lack sufficient time to handle your assignments. Don’t despair; by using our academic writing service, you can be assured of perfect grades. Moreover, your grades will be consistent.

Engineering

Engineering is quite a demanding subject. Students face a lot of pressure and barely have enough time to do what they love to do. Our academic writing service got you covered! Our engineering specialists follow the paper instructions and ensure timely delivery of the paper.

Nursing

In the nursing course, you may have difficulties with literature reviews, annotated bibliographies, critical essays, and other assignments. Our nursing assignment writers will offer you professional nursing paper help at low prices.

Sociology

Truth be told, sociology papers can be quite exhausting. Our academic writing service relieves you of fatigue, pressure, and stress. You can relax and have peace of mind as our academic writers handle your sociology assignment.

Business

We take pride in having some of the best business writers in the industry. Our business writers have a lot of experience in the field. They are reliable, and you can be assured of a high-grade paper. They are able to handle business papers of any subject, length, deadline, and difficulty!

Statistics

We boast of having some of the most experienced statistics experts in the industry. Our statistics experts have diverse skills, expertise, and knowledge to handle any kind of assignment. They have access to all kinds of software to get your assignment done.

Law

Writing a law essay may prove to be an insurmountable obstacle, especially when you need to know the peculiarities of the legislative framework. Take advantage of our top-notch law specialists and get superb grades and 100% satisfaction.

What discipline/subjects do you deal in?

We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. They have been drawn from across all disciplines, and orders are assigned to those writers believed to be the best in the field. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. As long as your instructions are clear, just trust we shall deliver irrespective of the discipline.

Are your writers competent enough to handle my paper?

Our essay writers are graduates with bachelor's, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college degree. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. We have a stringent recruitment process to ensure that we get only the most competent essay writers in the industry. We also ensure that the writers are handsomely compensated for their value. The majority of our writers are native English speakers. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable.

What if I don’t like the paper?

There is a very low likelihood that you won’t like the paper.

Reasons being:

• When assigning your order, we match the paper’s discipline with the writer’s field/specialization. Since all our writers are graduates, we match the paper’s subject with the field the writer studied. For instance, if it’s a nursing paper, only a nursing graduate and writer will handle it. Furthermore, all our writers have academic writing experience and top-notch research skills.
• We have a quality assurance that reviews the paper before it gets to you. As such, we ensure that you get a paper that meets the required standard and will most definitely make the grade.

In the event that you don’t like your paper:

• The writer will revise the paper up to your pleasing. You have unlimited revisions. You simply need to highlight what specifically you don’t like about the paper, and the writer will make the amendments. The paper will be revised until you are satisfied. Revisions are free of charge
• We will have a different writer write the paper from scratch.
• Last resort, if the above does not work, we will refund your money.

Will the professor find out I didn’t write the paper myself?

Not at all. All papers are written from scratch. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results.

What if the paper is plagiarized?

We check all papers for plagiarism before we submit them. We use powerful plagiarism checking software such as SafeAssign, LopesWrite, and Turnitin. We also upload the plagiarism report so that you can review it. We understand that plagiarism is academic suicide. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. Furthermore, we do not sell or use prewritten papers, and each paper is written from scratch.

When will I get my paper?

You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. All papers are delivered within the deadline. We are well aware that we operate in a time-sensitive industry. As such, we have laid out strategies to ensure that the client receives the paper on time and they never miss the deadline. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. We work on beating deadlines by huge margins in order to ensure that you have ample time to review the paper before you submit it.

Will anyone find out that I used your services?

We have a privacy and confidentiality policy that guides our work. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. Noone will ever know that you used our assignment help services. It’s only between you and us. We are bound by our policies to protect the customer’s identity and information. All your information, such as your names, phone number, email, order information, and so on, are protected. We have robust security systems that ensure that your data is protected. Hacking our systems is close to impossible, and it has never happened.

How our Assignment  Help Service Works

1.      Place an order

You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.

2.      Pay for the order

Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.

3.      Track the progress

You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.

4.      Download the paper

The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.

PLACE THIS ORDER OR A SIMILAR ORDER WITH US TODAY AND GET A PERFECT SCORE!!!

---